RESUMO
Hearing screening is well established in most developed countries, and the data extensively published. However, little information has been presented by the developing, nonwhite populations. A screening study was carried out on 2202 Jamaican children age 5 to 7 years. This involved typanometry and pure-tone audiometry (frequencies of 0.5, 1, and 2 kHz.) Failure was considered to have occurred if a type B or C curve was obtained or if the threshold of hearing was greater than 20 dB. These children were further evaluated by a full ear, nose and throat examination, inclusive of pneumatic otoscopy, and audiologic testing. The prevalence of hearing impairment was 4.9 percent. Otitis media with effusion (OME) was present in 1.9 percent. The prevalence of OME in Jamaica is low when compared with that of the same age-group in the developed countries(AU)
Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Países em Desenvolvimento , Transtornos da Audição/epidemiologia , Otite Média com Derrame/epidemiologia , Testes de Impedância Acústica , Audiometria de Tons Puros , Transtornos da Audição/prevenção & controle , Jamaica/epidemiologia , Programas de Rastreamento , Otite Média com Derrame/prevenção & controle , PrevalênciaRESUMO
We describe the clinico-pathological features and discuss the possible pathogenetic mechanism of thyroid papillary carcinoma arising in a branchial cleft cyst. This has been described only once previously in the literature. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Relatos de Casos , Branquioma/patologia , Carcinoma Papilar/patologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Glândula Tireoide/patologia , JamaicaRESUMO
We describe the clinico-pathological features and discuss the possible pathogenetic mechanism of thyroid papillary carcinoma arising in a branchial cleft cyst. This has been described only once previously in the literature.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Branquioma/patologia , Carcinoma Papilar/patologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , JamaicaRESUMO
The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion has been described in a wide range of neurological and other disorders. We wish to add an extremely rare case of a solitary, large invasive neurofibroma of the sixth cranial nerve extensively destroying the sella turcica in the skull base and causing inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in a 44-year-old black man in the absence of neurofibromatosis. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Masculino , Neurofibroma/complicações , Neoplasias dos Nervos Cranianos/complicações , Síndrome de Secreção Inadequada de HAD/etiologia , Sela Túrcica , Neurofibromatoses , HipófiseRESUMO
Ingestion of caustic material is a major management problem which occurs most commonly in children. Twenty-five patients with caustic ingestion seen over a ten-year period are reported. Twelve patients had severe burns, resulting in oesophageal strictures. Of these, ten were children below six years of age (median age, 3 years). Dysphagia and vomitting were the main presenting features. Oropharyngeal burn was present in 83 percent of patients with oesophageal burns. The strictures involved the entire oesophagus in two patients, the upper third in four, the mid oesophagus in two and the lower third in four. Periodic dilatations were successful in restoring an adequate lumen in 7 patients with short strictures. Five patients required surgery. There was one death. Caustic damage to the oesophagus is preventable. Education of the public and simple measures by manufacturers of caustics are urgently needed (AU)
